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How to Troubleshoot & Repair Small Gasoline Engines
How to Troubleshoot & Repair Small Gasoline Engines. Small gasoline engines are tough and simple in design. They power many different applications, from lawn mowers to chainsaws and power tools. When troubleshooting, check for defective spark plugs, contaminated fuel, inadequate engine compression and fuel primer problems. Run through a few basic...
Small gasoline engines are tough and simple in design. They power many different applications, from lawn mowers to chainsaws and power tools. When troubleshooting, check for defective spark plugs, contaminated fuel, inadequate engine compression and fuel primer problems. Run through a few basic troubleshooting steps before calling a mechanic to service your small gasoline engine.
Things You'll Need
Spark plug socket wrench
Compression tester
Remove the cap from the fuel tank and smell the gas. If it smells stale, or looks thick in viscosity, replace it with fresh fuel. Fuel that has been sitting for over a month could become contaminated and create ignition difficulties. Fuel that is stored in a warm location can become stale more quickly.
Check the spark plug for an adequate spark. Remove the spark plug cap and hold the plug against the metal part of the engine. Pull the starter rope to verify that that the spark is strong and blue. If the spark is weak, or there is no spark, replace the plug. Do not over-tighten the spark plug when replacing it because this could strip the thread in the cylinder. If there is an adequate spark, the problem could be with the engine compression.
Test the engine for correct compression. Run the engine for a few minutes until it has reached operating temperature. Remove the spark plug with a socket wrench and screw the compression tester into the spark plug hole. Check the glass monitor on the compression tester. If the reading is between 65 to 70 psi, the compression is good. If the reading is below 45 psi, the engine may be worn. Have a mechanic investigate further. An engine with low compression is usually very difficult to start. Other reasons for low engine compression could include loose spark plugs, leaking cylinder head gaskets, or carbon buildup on the valves. This can prevent the valves from closing fully.
Prime the fuel pump to push new fuel into the carburetor if the engine is sluggish to start, or does not start at all. Press on the rubber primer bulb and start the engine. If it does not start immediately, check for cracks or damage to the primer bulb. Replace the primer bulb, if necessary. Ensure that the primer is positioned in the correct direction. The primer is equipped with a one-way valve and placing it in the wrong position will prevent it from pumping fuel.
Inspect the fuel cap if the engine runs for a short while and then dies. Remove the fuel cap and check the air vent in the cap for clogs. If the vent is clogged, no air can enter the fuel tank and the engine will become starved of fuel. With no air entering the tank, a vacuum is created and the engine is no longer able to draw in fuel.
