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Diseases of Mango Trees
Diseases of Mango Trees. Sweet, fleshy mangoes are fruits grown in frost-free areas, specifically U.S. Department of Agriculture Hardiness zones 10 and 11. Native to southern Asia, mango trees were introduced to the United States in 1880. They are grown for their bountiful harvest and because they are fast-growing trees that give plenty of shade....
Sweet, fleshy mangoes are fruits grown in frost-free areas, specifically U.S. Department of Agriculture Hardiness zones 10 and 11. Native to southern Asia, mango trees were introduced to the United States in 1880. They are grown for their bountiful harvest and because they are fast-growing trees that give plenty of shade. Mango trees are fairly easy to grow, but there are a few diseases that can affect them.
Anthracnose
Anthracnose is a fungal disease that attacks all parts of the mango tree. When anthracnose infects the fruit, it causes surface cracks that lead to rot and irregular black spots that may be sunken slightly, according to Texas A&M University. Other symptoms include flower blight, which can greatly reduce harvest, and brown to black leaf spots. Control anthracnose by applying fungicide as soon as the tree's flower clusters appear and at recommended intervals during the growing season. Another option, if you are choosing a tree to plant, is to grow only Indo-Chinese/Philippine-type mangoes, which are fairly resistant to anthracnose. The Indian type of mango is much more susceptible to the fungus.
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that attacks the tree's flowers and limits that number of fruit in your harvest. Symptoms include a whitish, powdery growth of the fungus on the tree's flower clusters and young fruit. The infected fruit will turn brown and drop. A severe infection can lead to defoliation and even death of the tree. Control powdery mildew with fungicide, and make sure your tree has enough sunlight and air circulation.
Verticillium Wilt
Verticillium wilt, caused by a soil-borne fungus, first invades the mango tree's roots. The fungus spreads through the tree, blocking its vascular systems and causing water stress. Symptoms include wilting leaves that start on one side of the tree. The dead leaves often stay attached to the tree, making the tree look "fired," according to the University of Florida Extension. The tree eventually will die. There is no practical control for verticillium wilt, according to the Extension, other than not planting your tree in an area previously used to grow vegetables, especially tomatoes.
Alga Spot
Alga spot, also called red rust or green scurf, starts with circular greenish spots that turn rust red on a mango tree's leaves. The alga then moves into the bark, causing cankers and stem thickening, along with masses of rust-red spores. It is not a very serious problem, according to the University of Florida Extension, if you use copper fungicides and remove severely diseased branches from the tree.
