Fig Trees in Pots

Fig trees (Ficus carica) are well adapted to growth in containers. Growing figs inside large pots works especially well for gardeners who lack garden space or experience annual frosts and freezing winters. Ground-grown fig trees can reach 50 feet tall, depending on the cultivar, but average 6 to 10 feet tall when grown in containers. Select cultivars that tolerate your area's weather conditions. Most cultivars bear fruit approximately two years after planting.

Select fig trees that look healthy. Check for brown, wilted or damaged foliage and any signs of insect infestations. Fig leaves should be bright green and containers large enough to hold plants upright. Consider where you live and your weather conditions when selecting a cultivar. Those living in frosty, southeastern regions should consider Brown Turkey, as it tolerates temperatures to 15 degrees Fahrenheit. Other suitable southeastern cultivars include Celeste and Magnolia. Those in hotter, drier areas should consider planting Mission or Adriatic.

Figs prefer well-drained soils, so select a container that drains to prevent root rot. Choose a container approximately two times larger than the fig's root ball. This allows the tree's roots room to grow and spread out. Any style of container works well, but plastic and ceramic pots retain soil moisture longer than clay or wood, reducing the need for frequent watering.

Use a rich, well-draining potting mix inside the container. Since container-grown figs require more frequent fertilization than those in the ground, mix a slow-release fertilizer into the mix, according to package directions. This assures the fig's roots are getting consistent nutrients for approximately two months.

Fill the pot half-full with potting mix. Inspect the roots before planting, gently pulling them apart. Trim the outer roots with pruning shears, if matted or wrapping, to promote new root growth. Place the root ball inside the pot and fill it with the potting soil, packing it around the tree's base with your hands. Water the fig tree after planting, allowing the water to run out the pot's drain holes, thoroughly saturating the roots.

For the best growth and production of fruit, place your container in full sun. If frosts or freezes are expected, move the container to a warm, sunny area inside, or cover the fig with holiday lights or blankets. In areas of the country that are particularly hot, create shade for the container to keep it from overheating or place smaller plants around it.

Depending upon your local weather conditions, water the container once or twice each week. Leaf drop and yellowing can be a sign of too little water. Fertilize with a slow-release fertilizer, according to package directions, every two to three months. Prune to control the fig tree's size and shape. Trim the tree after harvesting, as new fruits develop on the previous year's wood. Re-pot the fig with new soil about every three years.